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TOTOMOXTLE A project that goes far beyond simple aesthetics.

A man kneels beside a table displaying Totomoxtle objects and a colorful hexagonal wall installation.

Fernando Laposse image by Emilio Diaz

Totomoxtle is a new material that harnesses the brilliant spectrum of colour seen in the husks of heirloom corn.

Ranging from deep purples, to soft creams, Totomoxtle showcases the range of species of native corn that exist in Mexico. Each husk is carefully cut and peeled off the cob, ironed flat and glued onto a paper pulp or textile backing. At this point the material is ready to be cut by hand or laser into small pieces that are reassembled to make marquetry for furniture or interior surfaces.

Colorful hexagonal tiles made from Totomoxtle material create a vibrant accent wall behind a simple wooden chair.

Totomoxtle interior tiles

Colorful corn husks arranged artistically on a wall, showcasing the vibrant spectrum used in the Totomoxtle project.

Hanging corn

Chair in front of vibrant, multicolored Totomoxtle wall, showcasing sustainable design and natural aesthetics.

Totomoxtle interior tiles

But this project goes far beyond simply aesthetics. Totomoxtle focuses on regenerating traditional agricultural practices in Mexico, providing income for impoverished farmers and conserving biodiversity for future food security.

It might come as a surprise to many but corn is now the most planted grain in the world and despite this, only a fraction of it is produced for direct human consumption. The bulk of the global maize production is destined to be transformed into secondary products which range from sweeteners for processed foods to plastics, fuel, and animal feed. Because of this, maize seed development has focused on efficiency and standardization rather than nutritional quality. This has meant that high yielding, industrial hybrid seeds that are complemented with heavy doses of fertilisers and herbicides have become the norm.

Colorful octagonal container made from Totomoxtle, showcasing intricate leaf patterns and sustainable design.

Totomoxtle vase close up

Colorful Totomoxtle pieces arranged on a surface, showcasing unique patterns and textures, with a crafting tool nearby.

Totomoxtle marquetry pieces

Colorful ears of heirloom corn displayed on a textured background, highlighting the beauty of Totomoxtle material.

Legacy table close up

Unfortunately, this has resulted in a sharp decline number of native varieties of Mexican corn which struggle to find their place in a market that favours quantity over quality.

At the moment the only hope for saving the heirloom species of maize lies with the indigenous people. They continue to plant them because they use native corns out of tradition as they are essential for traditional cuisine and religious ceremonies. After all they are direct descendants of the ancient mesoamericans that domesticated maize and in a process of selective breeding that took thousands of years to create the diversity of species that we have in Mexico.

Tototmoxtle is a project that operates in partnership with the community of Tonahuixtla, a small village of Mixtec farmers and herders in a remote area of the state of Puebla in south west Mexico. Tonahuixtla, like many indigenous communities in Mexico have seen their traditional lifestyle threaten by these global socioeconomic factors which are beyond their control. A tipping point was the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (N.A.F.T.A) where small independent farmers in Mexico were put in direct competition with industrial corn plantations in the American midwest.

This meant that the only way to compete in this new market was to adopt modern techniques which use herbicides, fertilisers, and hybrid seeds. But this had disastrous consequences as it broke the delicate balance that had allowed Mixtecs to plant corn in the arid mountains for hundreds of years. The use of herbicides forced them to abandon their policulture “milpa” system where the land is kept fertile by simultaneously planting corn black beans and pumpkins as only hybrid corn is capable of resisting such toxins.

Man sitting beside vibrant corn husks and agave leaves, showcasing sustainable materials for the Totomoxtle project.

Fernando Laposse image by Emillio Diaz

Colorful corn husks and patterned Totomoxtle material arranged on a wooden surface, showcasing sustainable design innovation.

Totomoxtle tiles close up

Natural wood patterns in vibrant colors, showcasing the unique beauty of Totomoxtle material derived from corn husks.

Totomoxtle tiles closeup

Sadly, the pressures that came with the arrival of industrial agriculture to the area and the lack of employment opportunities have caused a mass migration, the erosion of the land and the loss of native seeds.

Fernando Laposse has been working with a group of families from there since 2016. Together, they are trying to reverse the situation by returning to the traditional agricultural methods that have been used locally for centuries.

Tototmoxtle also works in collaboration with CIMMYT, the largest maize germplasm and seed bank in the world. They have provided new seeds from their vault and technical support on how to reintroduce them to the area. After two years of efforts from all parties, native corn is finally back in Tonahuixtla and six species

And this native corn is improving the town’s economy. Totomoxtle is also creating much needed local employment for young mothers who work on transforming the husks into the final material. This is less physically demanding than working in the fields and it leaves time for these women to take care of their children while earning more than their male counterparts. The creation of the material with husks that would otherwise be discarded is an economic incentive for these families to plant native corn again as it gives them the opportunity to earn more money than they would by planting industrial hybrids. Totomoxtle is therefore a project that shows the power of design as a reparative force by proposing solutions that create a circular economy.

Women holding colorful corn husks with various types of maize displayed, showcasing the beauty of Totomoxtle material.

Team of young mothers

Hands holding an open ear of colorful heirloom corn, highlighting the unique hues of totomoxtle husks.

Peeling back the husk

Colorful corn husks showcasing the diverse hues in Totomoxtle, a sustainable material for innovative design.

Carefully peeling off the husks

Beyond helping these farmers support themselves, Totomoxtle also is part of a wider vision to improve crop diversity. It is estimated that in the last 80 years we have loss over 93% of the diversity of agricultural crops and alarmingly, the world seed trade is dominated by only four multinational companies. With Totomoxtle Fernando Laposse and the community of Tonahuixtla wish to illustrate the importance of of preserving diversity not only for cultural purposes but as a matter of food safety. An over-dependance on a small variety of crops will make the whole world more vulnerable to pests, epidemics and the changes caused by climate change. That’s because if a blight, or drastic change in weather destroys a particular vegetable, fruit or grain, it could cause a global food shortage. However, if there are a number of varieties of a particular plant species to rely on, we minimise the risk of mass famine as each variety is adapted to a particular climate and might be resistant to a specific plague. One simply has to look back at the Irish potato famine to realise that we are on our way to repeating the mistakes of the past.

A circular wooden table featuring a colorful Totomoxtle mosaic top, accompanied by a teapot and a vintage chair.

Legacy table in Austria

Colorful church architecture nestled among trees and mountains, representing cultural heritage and natural beauty in Totomoxtle.

Church of Tonahuixtla

It is therefore of the utmost importance to support indigenous groups to create a situation where they can live decently. That way their traditional way of life will be able to flourish and continue into the future. After all, the world could end up depending on their centuries-old knowledge and seeds for our survival.

For a video explaining the project in more detail click here